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Access Manager v3 API for Dart SDK

Access Manager lets you enforce security controls for client access to resources on the PubNub platform. With Access Manager v3, your servers (that use a PubNub instance configured with a secret key) can grant clients tokens with embedded permissions that provide access to individual PubNub resources:

For a limited time period.
Through resource lists or regular expression (RegEx) patterns.
In one API request, even when permissions differ (for example, read to channel1 and write to channel2).

Add the authorizedUuid parameter to restrict a token to one client with a UUID (universally unique identifier). Only this authorizedUUID can use the token to make API requests for the specified resources and permissions.

User ID / UUID

User ID is also referred to as UUID/uuid in some APIs and server responses but holds the value of the userId parameter you set during initialization.

Grant token

Requires Access Manager add-on

This method requires that the Access Manager add-on is enabled for your key in the Admin Portal. Read the support page on enabling add-on features on your keys.

Requires Secret Key authentication

Granting permissions to resources should be done by administrators whose SDK instance has been initialized with a Secret Key (available on the Admin Portal on your app's keyset).

The grantToken() method generates a time-limited authorization token with an embedded access control list. The token defines time to live (ttl), authorizedUUID, and a set of permissions giving access to one or more resources:

channel
channelGroup
uuid (other users' object metadata, such as their names or avatars)

Permissions
TTL (time to live)
RegEx patterns
Authorized UUID

The grant request allows your server to securely grant clients access to resources on the PubNub platform. Each resource type supports a specific set of operations:

Resource	Permissions
`channel`	`read`, `write`, `get`, `manage`, `update`, `join`, `delete`
`channelGroup`	`read`, `manage`
`uuid`	`get`, `update`, `delete`

For permissions and API operations mapping, refer to Manage Permissions with Access Manager v3.

The ttl (time to live) parameter is the number of minutes before the granted permissions expire. The client requires a new token before expiration to ensure continued access. ttl is required for every grant call. There is no default value. The maximum value is 43,200 (30 days).

For more details, see TTL in Access Manager v3.

Use regular expressions (RegEx) to specify permissions by pattern instead of listing each resource. Set RegEx permissions as patterns before making a grant request.

For more details, see RegEx in Access Manager v3.

Setting an authorizedUUID in the token specifies which client should use this token in every request to PubNub. If you do not set authorizedUUID during the grant request, the token can be used by any client with any uuid. Restrict tokens to a single authorizedUUID to prevent impersonation.

For more details, see Authorized UUID in Access Manager v3.

Method(s)

1pubnub.grantToken(TokenRequest tokenRequest)

To create TokenRequest:

1pubnub.requestToken({
@required int? ttl,
Map<String, dynamic>? meta,
String? authorizedUUID,
String? using,
Keyset? keyset
7});

The TokenRequest object has the following parameters:

* required

Parameter	Description
`ttl` * Type: `Number` Default: n/a	Total number of minutes for which the token is valid. The minimum allowed value is `1`. The maximum is `43,200` minutes (30 days).
`meta` Type: `Map<String, dynamic>` Default: n/a	Extra metadata to be published with the request. Values must be scalar only; arrays or objects are not supported.
`authorizedUUID` Type: String Default: n/a	Single `uuid` which is authorized to use the token to make API requests to PubNub.
`using` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Keyset name from the `keysetStore` to be used for this method call.
`keyset` Type: `Keyset` Default: n/a	Override for the PubNub default keyset configuration.

Required key/value mappings

For a successful grant request, you must specify permissions for at least one uuid, channel, or channelGroup, either as a resource list or as a pattern (RegEx).

Use add() on TokenRequest to add resource or resource pattern permissions:

1add(ResourceType type,
    {String? name,
    String? pattern,
    bool? create,
    bool? delete,
    bool? manage,
    bool? read,
    bool? write,
    bool? get,
    bool? update,
    bool? join})

* required

Parameter	Description
`type` Type: `ResourceType` Default: n/a	Specify a resource type. It can be `uuid`, `channel`, or `channelGroup` (other value types are deprecated in App Context (formerly Objects v2) API).
`name` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Specify a resource name, like `uuid-a`. Provide either `name` or `pattern` to specify permissions.
`pattern` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Specify a resource pattern, like `channel-[A-Za-z0-9]`. Provide either `name` or `pattern` to specify permissions.
`write` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Write permission
`read` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Read permission
`create` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Create permission
`manage` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Manage permission
`delete` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Delete permission
`get` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Get permission
`update` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Update permission
`join` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Join permission

Sample code

Reference code

This example is a self-contained code snippet ready to be run. It includes necessary imports and executes methods with console logging. Use it as a reference when working with other examples in this document.

1import 'package:pubnub/pubnub.dart';
2

3void main() async {
// Create PubNub instance with default keyset.
var pubnub = PubNub(
  defaultKeyset: Keyset(
    subscribeKey: 'demo', 
    publishKey: 'demo', 
    secretKey: 'sec_key'
    userId: UserId('myUniqueUserId')
  ),
);
13

// Prepare the request object for granting a token
var request = pubnub.requestToken(
  ttl: 15,                    // Time to live in minutes
  authorizedUUID: 'my-authorized-uuid' // Restrict to a specific UUID
);
19

// Add permissions for a channel
request.add(
  ResourceType.channel, 
  name: 'my-channel', 
  read: true // Grant read permissions
);
26

// Send the token request
var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
print('grant token = ${token}');
30}
show all 30 lines

Returns

1{
  "status": 200,
  "data": {
      "message": "Success",
      "token": "p0thisAkFl043rhDdHRsCkNyZXisRGNoYW6hanNlY3JldAFDZ3Jwsample3KgQ3NwY6BDcGF0pERjaGFuoENnctokenVzcqBDc3BjoERtZXRhoENzaWdYIGOAeTyWGJI"
  },
  "service" : "Access Manager"
8}

Other examples

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources in a single call

The code below grants my-authorized-uuid:

Read access to channel-a, channel-group-b, and get to uuid-c.
Read/write access to channel-b, channel-c, channel-d, and get/update to uuid-d.

1var request = pubnub.requestToken(
2    ttl: 15, authorizedUUID: 'my-authorized-uuid')
3..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-a', read: true)
4..add(ResourceType.channelGroup, name: 'channel-group-b', read: true)
5..add(ResourceType.uuid, name: 'uuid-c', get: true)
6..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-b', read: true, write: true)
7..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-c', read: true, write: true)
8..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-d', read: true, write: true)
9..add(ResourceType.uuid, name: 'uuid-d', get: true, update: true);
10

11var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
12print('grant token = $token');

Grant an authorized client read access to multiple channels using RegEx

The code below grants my-authorized-uuid read access to all channels that match the channel-[A-Za-z0-9] RegEx pattern.

1var request = pubnub.requestToken(
2    ttl: 15, authorizedUUID: 'my-authorized-uuid')
3..add(ResourceType.channel, pattern: 'channel-[A-Za-z0-9]', read: true);
4

5var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
6print('grant token = $token');

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources and read access to channels using RegEx in a single call

The code below grants the my-authorized-uuid:

Read access to channel-a, channel-group-b, and get to uuid-c.
Read/write access to channel-b, channel-c, channel-d, and get/update to uuid-d.
Read access to all channels that match the channel-[A-Za-z0-9] RegEx pattern.

1var request = pubnub.requestToken(
2    ttl: 15, authorizedUUID: 'my-authorized-uuid')
3..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-a', read: true)
4..add(ResourceType.channelGroup, name: 'channel-group-b', read: true)
5..add(ResourceType.uuid, name: 'uuid-c', get: true)
6..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-b', read: true, write: true)
7..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-c', read: true, write: true)
8..add(ResourceType.channel, name: 'channel-d', read: true, write: true)
9..add(ResourceType.uuid, name: 'uuid-d', get: true, update: true)
10..add(ResourceType.channel, pattern: 'channel-[A-Za-z0-9]', read: true);
11

12var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
13print('grant token = $token');

Error responses

If you submit an invalid request, the server returns HTTP 400 with a message that identifies the missing or incorrect argument. Causes can include a RegEx issue, an invalid timestamp, or incorrect permissions. The server returns the error details under the PubNubException object.

Grant token - spaces & users

Requires Access Manager add-on

This method requires that the Access Manager add-on is enabled for your key in the Admin Portal. Read the support page on enabling add-on features on your keys.

The grantToken() method generates a time-limited authorization token with an embedded access control list. The token defines time to live (ttl), authorizedUserId, and a set of permissions giving access to one or more resources:

spaces
users (other users' metadata, such as their names or avatars)

Only this authorizedUserId will be able to use the token with the defined permissions. The authorized client will send the token to PubNub with each request until the token's ttl expires. Any unauthorized request or a request made with an invalid token will return a 403 with a respective error message.

For a limited time period.
Through resource lists or regular expression (RegEx) patterns.
In one API request, even when permissions differ (for example, read to space-1 and write to space-2).

Permissions
TTL (time to live)
RegEx patterns
Authorized user ID

The grant request allows your server to securely grant your clients access to the resources within the PubNub Platform. There is a limited set of operations the clients can perform on every resource:

Resource	Permissions
`space`	`read`, `write`, `get`, `manage`, `update`, `join`, `delete`
`user`	`get`, `update`, `delete`

For permissions and API operations mapping, refer to Manage Permissions with Access Manager v3.

The ttl (time to live) parameter is the number of minutes before permissions expire. The client requires a new token before expiration to ensure continued access. ttl is required for every grant call. There is no default value. The maximum value is 43,200 (30 days).

For more details, see TTL in Access Manager v3.

If you prefer to specify permissions by setting patterns, rather than listing all resources one by one, you can use regular expressions. To do this, set RegEx permissions as patterns before making a grant request.

For more details, see RegEx in Access Manager v3.

Setting an authorizedUserId in the token helps you specify which client device should use this token in every request to PubNub. This will ensure that all requests to PubNub are authorized before PubNub processes them. If authorizedUserId isn't specified during the grant request, the token can be used by any client with any userId. It's recommended to restrict tokens to a single authorizedUserId to prevent impersonation.

For more details, see Authorized UUID in Access Manager v3.

Method(s)

1pubnub.grantToken(TokenRequest tokenRequest)

To create TokenRequest:

1pubnub.requestToken({
@required int? ttl,
Map<String, dynamic>? meta,
String? authorizedUserId,
String? using,
Keyset? keyset
7});

The TokenRequest object has the following parameters:

* required

Parameter	Description
`ttl` * Type: `Number` Default: n/a	Total number of minutes for which the token is valid. The minimum allowed value is `1`. The maximum is `43,200` minutes (30 days).
`meta` Type: `Map<String, dynamic>` Default: n/a	Extra metadata to be published with the request. Values must be scalar only; arrays or objects are not supported.
`authorizedUserId` Type: String Default: n/a	Single `userId` which is authorized to use the token to make API requests to PubNub.
`using` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Keyset name from the `keysetStore` to be used for this method call.
`keyset` Type: `Keyset` Default: n/a	Override for the PubNub default keyset configuration.

Required key/value mappings

For a successful grant request, you must specify permissions for at least one User or Space, either as a resource list or as a pattern (RegEx).

Use add() on TokenRequest to add resource or resource pattern permissions:

1add(ResourceType type,
    {String? name,
    String? pattern,
    bool? create,
    bool? delete,
    bool? manage,
    bool? read,
    bool? write,
    bool? get,
    bool? update,
    bool? join})

* required

Parameter	Description
`type` Type: `ResourceType` Default: n/a	Specify a resource type. It can be `user` or `space`.
`name` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Specify a resource name, like `userId-a`. Provide either `name` or `pattern` to specify permissions.
`pattern` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Specify a resource pattern, like `space-[A-Za-z0-9]`. Provide either `name` or `pattern` to specify permissions.
`write` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Write permission
`read` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Read permission
`create` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Create permission
`manage` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Manage permission
`delete` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Delete permission
`get` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Get permission
`update` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Update permission
`join` Type: `Boolean` Default: `false`	Join permission

Sample code

1// Prepare the request object
2var request = pubnub.requestToken(ttl: 15, authorizedUserId: 'my-authorized-userId');
3request.add(ResourceType.space, name: 'my-space', read: true);
4

5// Send the token request
6var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
7print('grant token = $token');

Returns

1{
  "status": 200,
  "data": {
      "message": "Success",
      "token": "p0thisAkFl043rhDdHRsCkNyZXisRGNoYW6hanNlY3JldAFDZ3Jwsample3KgQ3NwY6BDcGF0pERjaGFuoENnctokenVzcqBDc3BjoERtZXRhoENzaWdYIGOAeTyWGJI"
  },
  "service" : "Access Manager"
8}

Other examples

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources in a single call

The code below grants my-authorized-userId:

Read access to space-a and get to space-c.
Read/write access to space-b, space-c, space-d, and get/update to userId-d.

1var request = pubnub.requestToken(
2    ttl: 15, authorizedUserId: 'my-authorized-userId')
3..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-a', read: true)
4..add(ResourceType.user, name: 'userId-c', get: true)
5..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-b', read: true, write: true)
6..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-c', read: true, write: true)
7..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-d', read: true, write: true)
8..add(ResourceType.user, name: 'userId-d', get: true, update: true);
9

10var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
11print('grant token = $token');

Grant an authorized client read access to multiple spaces using RegEx

The code below grants my-authorized-userId read access to all spaces that match the space-[A-Za-z0-9] RegEx pattern.

1var request = pubnub.requestToken(
2    ttl: 15, authorizedUserId: 'my-authorized-userId')
3..add(ResourceType.space, pattern: 'space-[A-Za-z0-9]', read: true);
4

5var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
6print('grant token = $token');

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources and read access to spaces using RegEx in a single call

The code below grants the my-authorized-userId:

Read access to space-a and get to user-c.
Read/write access to space-b, space-c, space-d, and get/update to userId-d.
Read access to all channels that match the space-[A-Za-z0-9] RegEx pattern.

1var request = pubnub.requestToken(
2    ttl: 15, authorizedUserId: 'my-authorized-userId')
3..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-a', read: true)
4..add(ResourceType.user, name: 'userId-c', get: true)
5..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-b', read: true, write: true)
6..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-c', read: true, write: true)
7..add(ResourceType.space, name: 'space-d', read: true, write: true)
8..add(ResourceType.user, name: 'userId-d', get: true, update: true)
9..add(ResourceType.space, pattern: 'space-[A-Za-z0-9]', read: true);
10

11var token = await pubnub.grantToken(request);
12print('grant token = $token');

Error responses

Revoke token

Requires Access Manager add-on

This method requires that the Access Manager add-on is enabled for your key in the Admin Portal. Read the support page on enabling add-on features on your keys.

Enable token revoke

To revoke tokens, you must first enable this feature on the Admin Portal. To do that, navigate to your app's keyset and mark the Revoke v3 Token checkbox in the ACCESS MANAGER section.

The revokeToken() method allows you to disable an existing token and revoke all permissions embedded within. You can only revoke a valid token previously obtained using the grantToken() method.

Use this method for tokens with ttl less than or equal to 30 days. If you need to revoke a token with a longer ttl, contact support.

For more information, refer to Revoke permissions.

Method(s)

1var result = await pubnub.revokeToken("token");

* required

Parameter	Description
`token` * Type: `String` Default: n/a	Existing token with embedded permissions.

Sample code

1await pubnub.revokeToken("token");

Returns

When the token revocation request is successful, this method returns an empty PamRevokeTokenResult.

Error Responses

If you submit an invalid request, the server returns an error status code with a descriptive message informing which of the provided arguments is missing or incorrect. Depending on the root cause, this operation may return the following errors:

400 Bad Request
403 Forbidden
503 Service Unavailable

Parse token

The parseToken() method decodes an existing token and returns the object containing permissions embedded in that token. The client can use this method for debugging to check the permissions to the resources or find out the token's ttl details.

Method(s)

1parseToken(String token)

* required

Parameter	Description
`token` * Type: `String` Default: n/a	Current token with embedded permissions.

Sample code

1pubnub.parseToken("p0thisAkFl043rhDdHRsCkNyZXisRGNoYW6hanNlY3JldAFDZ3Jwsample3KgQ3NwY6BDcGF0pERjaGFuoENnctokenVzcqBDc3BjoERtZXRhoENzaWdYIGOAeTyWGJI")

Returns

1{
 "version":2,
 "timetoken":1629394579,
 "ttl":15,
 "authorizedUUID": "user1",
 "resources":{
    "uuids":{
       "user1":{
          "read":false,
          "write":false,
          "manage":false,
          "delete":false,
          "get":true,
          "update":true,
          "join":false
       }
    },
    "channels":{
       "channel1":{
          "read":true,
          "write":true,
          "manage":false,
          "delete":false,
          "get":false,
          "update":false,
          "join":false
       }
    },
    "groups":{
       "group1":{
          "read":true,
          "write":false,
          "manage":false,
          "delete":false,
          "get":false,
          "update":false,
          "join":false
       }
    }
 },
 "patterns":{
    "uuids":{
       ".*":{
          "read":false,
          "write":false,
          "manage":false,
          "delete":false,
          "get":true,
          "update":false,
          "join":false
       }
    },
    "channels":{
       ".*":{
          "read":true,
          "write":true,
          "manage":false,
          "delete":false,
          "get":false,
          "update":false,
          "join":false
       }
    },
    "groups":{
       ".*":{
          "read":true,
          "write":false,
          "manage":false,
          "delete":false,
          "get":false,
          "update":false,
          "join":false
       }
    }
 }, 
  "meta": { "token" : "meta" },
  "signature": "QQ9nC2BjEBbf4uwFpf9aBZ1i+0BelhsqWXc="
78}
show all 78 lines

Error Responses

If you receive an error while parsing the token, it may suggest that the token is damaged. In that case, request the server to issue a new one.

Set token

The setToken() method is used by the client devices to update the authentication token granted by the server.

Method(s)

1setToken(String token, {String? using, Keyset? keyset})

* required

Parameter	Description
`token` * Type: `String` Default: n/a	Current token with embedded permissions.
`using` Type: `String` Default: n/a	Keyset name from the `keysetStore` to be used for this method call.
`keyset` Type: `Keyset` Default: n/a	Override for the PubNub default keyset configuration.

Sample code

1pubnub.setToken("p0thisAkFl043rhDdHRsCkNyZXisRGNoYW6hanNlY3JldAFDZ3Jwsample3KgQ3NwY6BDcGF0pERjaGFuoENnctokenVzcqBDc3BjoERtZXRhoENzaWdYIGOAeTyWGJI")

Returns

This method doesn't return any response value.

User ID / UUID

Grant token​

Requires Access Manager add-on

Requires Secret Key authentication

Method(s)​

Required key/value mappings

Sample code​

Reference code

Returns​

Other examples​

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources in a single call​

Grant an authorized client read access to multiple channels using RegEx​

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources and read access to channels using RegEx in a single call​

Error responses​

Grant token - spaces & users​

Requires Access Manager add-on

Method(s)​

Required key/value mappings

Sample code​

Returns​

Other examples​

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources in a single call​

Grant an authorized client read access to multiple spaces using RegEx​

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources and read access to spaces using RegEx in a single call​

Error responses​

Revoke token​

Requires Access Manager add-on

Enable token revoke

Method(s)​

Sample code​

Returns​

Error Responses​

Parse token​

Method(s)​

Sample code​

Returns​

Error Responses​

Set token​

Method(s)​

Sample code​

Returns​

Grant token

Method(s)

Sample code

Returns

Other examples

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources in a single call

Grant an authorized client read access to multiple channels using RegEx

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources and read access to channels using RegEx in a single call

Error responses

Grant token - spaces & users

Method(s)

Sample code

Returns

Other examples

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources in a single call

Grant an authorized client read access to multiple spaces using RegEx

Grant an authorized client different levels of access to various resources and read access to spaces using RegEx in a single call

Error responses

Revoke token

Method(s)

Sample code

Returns

Error Responses

Parse token

Method(s)

Sample code

Returns

Error Responses

Set token

Method(s)

Sample code

Returns