--- source_url: https://www.pubnub.com/docs/sdks/dart/api-reference/access-manager-v2 title: Access Manager v2 API for Dart SDK updated_at: 2026-05-22T11:06:23.993Z sdk_name: PubNub Dart SDK sdk_version: 7.1.0 --- > Documentation Index > For a curated overview of PubNub documentation, see: https://www.pubnub.com/docs/llms.txt > For the full list of all documentation pages, see: https://www.pubnub.com/docs/llms-full.txt # Access Manager v2 API for Dart SDK PubNub Dart SDK, use the latest version: 7.1.0 Install: ```bash dart pub add pubnub@7.1.0 ``` Access Manager allows you to enforce secure controls for client access to resources within the PubNub network. With Access Manager, your servers can grant their clients access to individual PubNub resources for a limited duration, with the ability to extend access or add permissions for additional resources. As soon as Access Manager is enabled, no publish/subscribe operations can be done without first explicitly providing an authorization token to the PubNub object. If an invalid token is provided, the requesting client will receive a Forbidden error. For more information about Access Manager, refer to [Managing Permissions with Access Manager](https://www.pubnub.com/docs/general/security/access-control-v2). ## Grant :::note Requires Access Manager add-on This method requires that the *Access Manager* add-on is enabled for your key in the [Admin Portal](https://admin.pubnub.com/). Read the [support page](https://support.pubnub.com/hc/en-us/articles/360051974791-How-do-I-enable-add-on-features-for-my-keys-) on enabling add-on features on your keys. ::: The `grant` method allows you to grant permissions for one or more resources to one or more `authKeys`. You may need to make multiple grant calls with an `authKey` so that you can specify explicit permissions for each `channel`, `channelGroup` and `uuid` resources. For common permissions, you can normally use a single request. Privileges specifically granted to an application's `subscribeKey` always take precedence over privileges granted to `channel` or `auth_key`. Therefore an application that requires authentication at the user level should not grant access at either the Application or Channel levels. View the [Grant Levels](#grant-levels) section for more details. #### Permissions The grant request allows your server to securely grant access for your clients on the following resources within the platform. Each resource allows a limited set of permissions that control the operations that can be performed by the clients. For permissions and API operations mapping information, refer to [Managing Permissions with Access Manager](https://www.pubnub.com/docs/general/security/access-control-v2#permissions) | Resource | Permissions | | --- | --- | | `channel` | `read`, `write`, `get`, `manage`, `update`, `join`, `delete` | | `uuid` | `get`, `update`, `delete` | | `channelGroup` | `read`, `manage` | #### Wildcard permissions Wildcard notation allows you to grant permissions to multiple channels at a time and later revoke these permissions in the same manner. You can only go one level deep using wildcards. In other words: * `a.*` grants access on all channels that begin with `a.`. * `*` or `a.b.*` won't work this way. If you grant on `*` or `a.b.*`, the grant treats `*` or `a.b.*` as a channel name, not a wildcard. :::warning Wildcard revokes You can revoke permissions with wildcards from one level deep, like `a.*`, only when you initially used wildcards to grant permissions to `a.*`. ::: #### Grant levels When a user attempts to access a PubNub resource, Access Manager will evaluate any existing rules using the following order of precedence before access to a channel is granted to the user: 1. **Application Level** - Access Manager privileges are always evaluated first at the `Application` level. If either `read` or `write` attribute is set to `true` for a `subscribeKey`, Access Manager will immediately grant access for that attribute without proceeding to check permissions at either `Channel` or `User` levels. If an attribute is set to `false` at the Application level, Access Manager proceeds to evaluate the attribute at the next most granular level. 2. **Channel Level** - After first verifying an attribute at the Application level, Access Manager evaluates the attribute at the Channel level. If an attribute is set to `true` for a combination of `subscribeKey`, and `channel`, Access Manager grants access for that attribute at the `Channel` level without proceeding to check whether there may be `user` level permissions. 3. **User Level (Recommended)** - As a final step Access Manager evaluates the attributes at the `User` level. If an attribute is set to `true` for `subscribeKey`, `channel` and `auth_key`, access is granted for that attribute. Similarly, user level grants also allow you granting an `auth_key` access to `channelGroups` and `uuids`. User level grants require `auth_key` and are the recommended approach if you need to manage permissions for individual users within your application. Each user should be assigned a unique `auth_key` and securely passed back to the user to perform operations on the platform. ### Method(s) To `Grant Permissions on a Channel` you can use the following method(s) in the Dart SDK: ```dart pubnub.grant( Set authKeys, {Set? channels, Set? channelGroups, Set? uuids, bool? write, bool? read, bool? manage, bool? delete, bool? get, bool? update, bool? join, int? ttl, Keyset? keyset, String? using} ) ``` | Parameter | Description | | --- | --- | | `authKeys`Type: `Set`Default: n/a | Specifies `authKey` to grant permissions to. It's possible to specify multiple auth keys. You can also grant access to a single `authKey` for multiple `channels` at the same time. Zero or more `channels` with zero or more `auth` tokens are allowed. | | `channels`Type: `List`Default: n/a | Specifies the `channels` on which to grant permissions. If no `channels`/`channelGroups` are specified, then the grant applies to all `channels`/`channelGroups` that have been or will be created for that publish/subscribe key set. Furthermore, any existing or future grants on specific `channels` are ignored, until the all `channels` grant is revoked. It's possible to grant permissions to multiple `channels` simultaneously. Wildcard notation like `a.*` can be used to grant access on `channels`. You can grant one level deep. - `a.*` - you can grant on this. - `*` and `a.b.*` - grant will not work on these levels. If you grant on `*` or `a.b.*`, the grant will treat `*` or `a.b.*` as a single channel named either `*` or `a.b.*`. | | `channelGroups`Type: `List`Default: n/a | Specifies the `channelGroups` to `grant` permissions. If no `channels`/`channelGroups` are specified, then the `grant` applies to all `channels`/`channelGroups` that have been or will be created for that publish/subscribe key set. Furthermore, any existing or future grants on specific `channelGroups` are ignored, until the `all channelGroups` grant is revoked. It's possible to `grant` permissions to multiple `channelGroups` simultaneously. | | `write`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Write permission. | | `read`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Read permission. | | `manage`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Manage permission. | | `delete`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Delete permission. | | `get`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Get permission. | | `update`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Update permission. | | `join`Type: `Boolean`Default: `false` | Join permission. | | `ttl`Type: `Long`Default: `Not set` | Time in minutes for which granted permissions are valid. Setting `ttl` to 0 will apply the grant indefinitely, which is also the default behavior. | | `keyset`Type: `Keyset`Default: default keyset | Override for the PubNub default keyset configuration. | | `using`Type: `String`Default: n/a | Keyset name from the `keysetStore` to be used for this method call. | ### Sample code #### Grant Access Manager permissions for channel and auth_key ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({'my_authKey'}, channels: {'my_channel'}, read: true); ``` ### Returns The `grant()` operation returns a `PamGrantResult` which contains the following properties: | Property Name | Type | Description | | --- | --- | --- | | `warning` | Boolean | Warning status. | | `message` | String | Information whether operation was successful or not. | | `level` | String | Access rights level. | | `ttl` | int | `ttl` of `grant`. | | `permissions` | List`` | Access rights per resource. | `Permission` contains the following properties: | Property Name | Type | Description | | --- | --- | --- | | `channel` | String | Channel name for which permission is set. | | `uuid` | String | UUID for which permission is set. | | `read` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `read` rights. | | `write` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `write` rights. | | `manage` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `manage` rights. | | `delete` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `delete` rights. | | `get` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `get` rights. | | `update` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `update` rights. | | `join` | Boolean | `true` if the resource has `join` rights. | ### Other examples #### Grant subscribe access to a channel only for clients with a specific auth_key with a 5 minute ttl ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({'my_authKey'}, channels: {'my_channel'}, read: true, write: false, ttl: 5); ``` The above code returns the following response to the client: ```json { "status" : 200, "message" : "Success", "payload" : { "ttl" : 5, "auths" : { "my_authkey" : { "r" : 1, "w" : 1, "m" : 0, "d" : 0, "g" : 0, "u" : 0, "j" : 0 } }, "subscribe_key" : "my_subkey", "channel" : "my_channel" }, "service" : "Access Manager" } ``` #### Allow access to a specific channel for Presence ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({'my_authKey'}, channels: {'my_channel-pnpres'}, read: true, write: true); ``` #### Grant Access Manager permissions for channel group ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({'my_authKey'}, channelGroups: {'my_channelGroup'}, read: true, manage: true, ttl: 5); ``` The above code returns the following response to the client: ```json { "status" : 200, "message" : "Success", "payload" : { "ttl" : 5, "auths" : { "my_authkey" : { "r" : 1, "w" : 0, "m" : 1, "d" : 0, "g" : 0, "u" : 0, "j" : 0 } }, "subscribe_key" : "my_subkey", "level":"user", "channel" : "my_channel" }, "service" : "Access Manager" } ``` #### Application level grant :::warning Use application level grants with caution When access is granted on an application level, `all channels and users` will have access. Application level grants can also happen due to a bug in your code. *For example, Null parameters for channels and auth-keys can cause accidental application level grants.* ::: ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({}, write: true, read: true, delete: true); ``` #### Channel level grant ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({}, channels: {'my_channel'}, read: true, write: true, delete: true, ttl: 1440); ``` #### User level grant ```dart var result = await pubnub.grant({'my_authKey'}, channels: {'my_channel'}, ttl: 1440, get: true, update: true, delete: true); ```